ATLAS/ICESat-02 ATL08 Access and Visualize

Author: Sumant Jha (MSFC/USRA), Alex Mandel (DevSeed), Jamison French (DevSeed), Rajat Shinde (UAH), Sheyenne Kirkland (UAH)

Date: March 7, 2024

Description: In this example, we’ll walk through accessing ATL08 data using both cloud access and through downloading. We’ll then explore the data using H5py, h5Glance, and xarray. Finally, we’ll visualize some of the data using xarray.

Run This Notebook

To access and run this tutorial within MAAP’s Algorithm Development Environment (ADE), please refer to the “Getting started with the MAAP” section of our documentation.

Disclaimer: This tutorial will use an experimental feature to allow access to the DAAC without using EarthDataLogin. This tutorial will need to be ran within MAAP’s ADE to allow this experimental feature to work. Running the tutorial outside of the MAAP ADE will result in errors. Additionally, it is recommended to use the Pangeo workspace within the MAAP ADE.

About the Data

This data set (ATL08) contains along-track heights above the WGS84 ellipsoid (ITRF2014 reference frame) for the ground and canopy surfaces. The canopy and ground surfaces are processed in fixed 100 m data segments, which typically contain more than 100 signal photons. The data were acquired by the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) instrument on board the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) observatory.

Parameter(s): TERRAIN ELEVATION
Platform(s):ICESat-2
Sensor(s): ATLAS
Data Format(s): HDF5
Temporal Coverage: 14 October 2018 to present
Temporal Resolution: 91 day
Spatial Resolution: Varies
Spatial Reference System(s): WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Spatial Coverage: N: 90 S: -90 E: 180 W: -180

(Source: ATL08 v6 Dataset Landing Page)

Additional Resources

• Earthdata Search

• ATL08 v6 User Guide

Importing and Installing Packages

The following example uses several packages. If you do not have the following packages, uncomment the code below:

# !pip install -q h5py h5glance requests fsspec s3fs h5netcdf

Optional download (do not need to download if you’re using the Pangeo workspace. Uncomment if using other workspaces):

# !pip install -q rioxarray

import os
import h5py
from maap.maap import MAAP
from h5glance import H5Glance
import requests
import xarray
import boto3
import fsspec

Accessing the Data

In this section we’ll walk through two different ways to access the data. The first method is to access the data through S3.

The second method is to access it by using maap-py, then download the data locally. From there, we will explore some of the data using h5glance.

Example 1: Accessing the Data with S3

We will use role assumption to gain access to the data. To do this, we’ll use an experimental feature by setting up a parameter, assuming a role, and get temporary credentials with the assumed role. We’ll also set up credentials into fsspec so we can later use xarray for data exploration.

def assume_role_credentials(ssm_parameter_name):
    # Create a session using your current credentials
    session = boto3.Session()

    # Retrieve the SSM parameter
    ssm = session.client('ssm', "us-west-2")
    parameter = ssm.get_parameter(
        Name=ssm_parameter_name,
        WithDecryption=True
    )
    parameter_value = parameter['Parameter']['Value']

    # Assume the DAAC access role
    sts = session.client('sts')
    assumed_role_object = sts.assume_role(
        RoleArn=parameter_value,
        RoleSessionName='TutorialSession'
    )

    # From the response that contains the assumed role, get the temporary
    # credentials that can be used to make subsequent API calls
    credentials = assumed_role_object['Credentials']

    return credentials

def fsspec_access(credentials):
    # Pass assumed role credentials into fsspec
    return fsspec.filesystem(
        "s3",
        key=credentials['AccessKeyId'],
        secret=credentials['SecretAccessKey'],
        token=credentials['SessionToken']
    )

s3_fsspec = fsspec_access(assume_role_credentials("/iam/maap-data-reader"))

Example 2: Download Data Locally

We are going to use NASA host which is NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR) to search for and download ICESat data. ICESat’s ATL08 data’s concept id can be found on https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search and looking for ‘ATL08’ in the search bar. When you check the metadata associated with your search result, you can get the concept_id associated with below tutorial. In this case, the concept_id is C2613553260-NSIDC_CPRD.

For this example, we are going to use granule id of ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5. This will be in HDF5 format.

With all this information in hand, we are ready to make a query to cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov using maap-py.

maap = MAAP(maap_host='api.maap-project.org')

nasa_host = "cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov"
results = maap.searchGranule(cmr_host=nasa_host,
                             concept_id="C2613553260-NSIDC_CPRD",
                             readable_granule_name="ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5")

Let’s see how this turned out. Did we get a result?

data_file = results[0]
data_file

{'concept-id': 'G2800397933-NSIDC_CPRD',
 'collection-concept-id': 'C2613553260-NSIDC_CPRD',
 'revision-id': '2',
 'format': 'application/echo10+xml',
 'Granule': {'GranuleUR': 'ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5',
  'InsertTime': '2023-11-11T10:14:36.642Z',
  'LastUpdate': '2023-11-11T10:14:36.642Z',
  'Collection': {'DataSetId': 'ATLAS/ICESat-2 L3A Land and Vegetation Height V006'},
  'DataGranule': {'SizeMBDataGranule': '106.29328060150146',
   'ProducerGranuleId': 'ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5',
   'DayNightFlag': 'UNSPECIFIED',
   'ProductionDateTime': '2023-09-21T19:57:30.000Z'},
  'Temporal': {'RangeDateTime': {'BeginningDateTime': '2023-08-16T18:29:24.813Z',
    'EndingDateTime': '2023-08-16T18:36:27.524Z'}},
  'Spatial': {'HorizontalSpatialDomain': {'Geometry': {'GPolygon': {'Boundary': {'Point': [{'PointLongitude': '-49.71155',
         'PointLatitude': '-0.55384'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-51.21715', 'PointLatitude': '-15.49643'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-52.36359', 'PointLatitude': '-26.40442'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-52.43242', 'PointLatitude': '-27.04278'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-52.5585', 'PointLatitude': '-27.03176'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-52.48902', 'PointLatitude': '-26.39347'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-51.3338', 'PointLatitude': '-15.48562'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-49.82395', 'PointLatitude': '-0.54264'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-49.76474', 'PointLatitude': '0.04913'},
        {'PointLongitude': '-49.65236', 'PointLatitude': '0.03773'}]}}}}},
  'OnlineAccessURLs': {'OnlineAccessURL': [{'URL': 'https://data.nsidc.earthdatacloud.nasa.gov/nsidc-cumulus-prod-protected/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5',
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     'MimeType': 'application/x-hdf5'}]},
  'OnlineResources': {'OnlineResource': [{'URL': 'https://data.nsidc.earthdatacloud.nasa.gov/nsidc-cumulus-prod-protected/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5.dmrpp',
     'Type': 'USER SUPPORT',
     'MimeType': 'application/vnd.opendap.dap4.dmrpp+xml'},
    {'URL': 'https://data.nsidc.earthdatacloud.nasa.gov/nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.iso.xml',
     'Type': 'USER SUPPORT',
     'MimeType': 'text/xml'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-protected/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5.dmrpp',
     'Type': 'USER SUPPORT',
     'MimeType': 'application/vnd.opendap.dap4.dmrpp+xml'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.iso.xml',
     'Type': 'USER SUPPORT',
     'MimeType': 'text/xml'},
    {'URL': 'https://opendap.earthdata.nasa.gov/collections/C2613553260-NSIDC_CPRD/granules/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5',
     'Type': 'USER SUPPORT'}]},
  'AssociatedBrowseImageUrls': {'ProviderBrowseUrl': [{'URL': 'https://data.nsidc.earthdatacloud.nasa.gov/nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.default.default1.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
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    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3l.n_ca_photons.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3l.n_te_photons.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3r.groundtrack.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3r.h_canopy_abs.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3r.h_te_median.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3r.n_ca_photons.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'},
    {'URL': 's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-public/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01_BRW.gt3r.n_te_photons.jpg',
     'MimeType': 'image/jpeg'}]}}}

Looks like we did get a result and will be able to learn a lot about it from available metadata. Let’s download the HDF file locally.

Establish a temporary directory to store the data file and display the path and filename:

dataDir = './data'
if not os.path.exists(dataDir): os.mkdir(dataDir)
data = data_file.getData(dataDir)
data

'./data/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5'

Exploring the Data

There are two different ways we’ll open and look at the data: 1. Using xarray 2. Using h5py

1. xarray

First, let’s grab the S3 URL for direct access from our results above.

s3_url = results[0]['Granule']['OnlineAccessURLs']['OnlineAccessURL'][1]['URL']
s3_url

's3://nsidc-cumulus-prod-protected/ATLAS/ATL08/006/2023/08/16/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5'

Now we can open a specific group within the HDF5 file using xarray.

with s3_fsspec.open(s3_url) as f:
    atl08_track = xarray.open_dataset(f, group='gt1l/land_segments', engine="h5netcdf", phony_dims='sort')
atl08_track

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:            (delta_time: 18690, ds_geosegments: 5, ds_surf_type: 5)
Coordinates:
  * delta_time         (delta_time) datetime64[ns] 2023-08-16T18:29:24.853128...
    latitude           (delta_time) float32 ...
    longitude          (delta_time) float32 ...
Dimensions without coordinates: ds_geosegments, ds_surf_type
Data variables: (12/41)
    asr                (delta_time) float32 ...
    atlas_pa           (delta_time) float32 ...
    beam_azimuth       (delta_time) float32 ...
    beam_coelev        (delta_time) float32 ...
    brightness_flag    (delta_time) float32 ...
    cloud_flag_atm     (delta_time) float32 ...
    ...                 ...
    snr                (delta_time) float32 ...
    solar_azimuth      (delta_time) float32 ...
    solar_elevation    (delta_time) float32 ...
    surf_type          (delta_time, ds_surf_type) int8 ...
    terrain_flg        (delta_time) float64 ...
    urban_flag         (delta_time) float64 ...
Attributes:
    Description:  Contains data categorized as land at 100 meter intervals.
    data_rate:    Data are stored as aggregates of 100 meters.

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • delta_time: 18690
  • ds_geosegments: 5
  • ds_surf_type: 5
• Coordinates: (3)
  • delta_time
    (delta_time)
    datetime64[ns]
    2023-08-16T18:29:24.853128192 .....

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Mean time for the segment in number of GPS seconds since the ATLAS SDP epoch. The ATLAS Standard Data Products (SDP) epoch offset is defined within /ancillary_data/atlas_sdp_gps_epoch as the number of GPS seconds between the GPS epoch (1980-01-06T00:00:00.000000Z UTC) and the ATLAS SDP epoch. By adding the offset contained within atlas_sdp_gps_epoch to delta time parameters, the time in gps_seconds relative to the GPS epoch can be computed.

    long_name :

    mean_pass_time

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4

    standard_name :

    time

    array(['2023-08-16T18:29:24.853128192', '2023-08-16T18:29:24.867304608',
           '2023-08-16T18:29:24.881376256', ..., '2023-08-16T18:36:27.148773472',
           '2023-08-16T18:36:27.162867872', '2023-08-16T18:36:27.176849440'],
          dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • latitude
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Latitude of the center-most signal photon within each segment.

    long_name :

    latitude

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4

    standard_name :

    latitude

    units :

    degrees

    valid_max :

    90.0

    valid_min :

    -90.0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • longitude
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Longitude of the center-most signal photon within each segment.

    long_name :

    longitude

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4

    standard_name :

    longitude

    units :

    degrees

    valid_max :

    180.0

    valid_min :

    -180.0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

• Data variables: (41)
  • asr
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Apparent surface reflectance

    long_name :

    apparent surface reflectance

    source :

    ATL09

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • atlas_pa
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Off nadir pointing angle (in radians) of the satellite to increase spatial sampling in the non-polar regions. ATLAS_PA =radians(90degs-beam_coelev).

    long_name :

    atlas pointing angle

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    radians

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • beam_azimuth
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Azimuth(in radians) of the unit pointing vector for the reference photon in the local ENU frame in radians. The angle is measured from north and positive towards East.

    long_name :

    beam azimuth

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    radians

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • beam_coelev
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Co-elevation (CE) is direction from vertical of the laser beam as seen by an observer located at the laser ground spot.

    long_name :

    beam co-elevation

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    radians

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • brightness_flag
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    qualityInformation

    description :

    Flag indicating that the ground surface is bright (e.g. snow-covered or other bright surfaces)

    flag_meanings :

    not_bright_surface bright_surface

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    brightness flag

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4.21

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • cloud_flag_atm
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    qualityInformation

    description :

    Cloud confidence flag from ATL09 that indicates the number of cloud or aerosol layers identified in each 25Hz atmospheric profile. If the flag is greater than 0, aerosols or clouds could be present. Valid range is 0 - 10.

    long_name :

    cloud flag atm

    source :

    ATL09

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    10

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • cloud_fold_flag
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Flag that indicates this profile likely contains cloud signal folded down from above 15 km to the last 2-3 km of the profile. See ATL09 ATBD Table 3.9 for detailed flag value meanings.

    flag_meanings :

    no_folding goes5_indicates profile_indicates both_indicate

    flag_values :

    [0 1 2 3]

    long_name :

    cloud folding flag

    source :

    ATL09

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    3

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • delta_time_beg
    (delta_time)
    datetime64[ns]
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Time of the first photon contained within the data segment, in seconds since the ATLAS SDP GPS Epoch. The ATLAS Standard Data Products (SDP) epoch offset is defined within /ancillary_data/atlas_sdp_gps_epoch as the number of GPS seconds between the GPS epoch (1980-01-06T00:00:00.000000Z UTC) and the ATLAS SDP epoch. By adding the offset contained within atlas_sdp_gps_epoch to delta time parameters, the time in gps_seconds relative to the GPS epoch can be computed.

    long_name :

    delta time begin

    source :

    Derived (gps_seconds-gps_sec_offset)

    [18690 values with dtype=datetime64[ns]]

  • delta_time_end
    (delta_time)
    datetime64[ns]
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Time of the last photon contained within the data segment, in seconds since the ATLAS SDP epoch. The ATLAS Standard Data Products (SDP) epoch offset is defined within /ancillary_data/atlas_sdp_gps_epoch as the number of GPS seconds between the GPS epoch (1980-01-06T00:00:00.000000Z UTC) and the ATLAS SDP epoch. By adding the offset contained within atlas_sdp_gps_epoch to delta time parameters, the time in gps_seconds relative to the GPS epoch can be computed.

    long_name :

    delta time end

    source :

    Derived (gps_seconds-gps_sec_offset)

    [18690 values with dtype=datetime64[ns]]

  • dem_flag
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Indicates source of the DEM height. Values: 0=None, 1=Arctic, 2=Global, 3=MSS, 4=Antarctic.

    flag_meanings :

    none arctic global mss antarctic

    flag_values :

    [0 1 2 3 4]

    long_name :

    dem source flag

    source :

    Atmosphere ATBD

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    4

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • dem_h
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Best available DEM (in priority of Arctic/Antarctic/Global/MSS) value at the geolocation point. Height is in meters above the WGS84 Ellipsoid.

    long_name :

    dem height

    source :

    Arctic, Antarctic, Global, MSS DEM

    units :

    meters

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • dem_removal_flag
    (delta_time)
    int8
    ...

    contentType :

    qualityInformation

    description :

    Flag indicating more than dem_removal_percent_limit (default 20.0) removed from land segment due to failing DEM-QA tests

    flag_meanings :

    below_threshold above_threshold

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    dem removal flag

    source :

    ATBD section 2.4.11

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int8]

  • h_dif_ref
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Difference between h_te_median and ref_DEM

    long_name :

    h dif from reference

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4

    units :

    meters

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • last_seg_extend
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    The distance (km) that the last ATL08 processing segment in a file is either extended or overlapped with the previous ATL08 processing segment.

    long_name :

    last segment extended

    source :

    Land ATBD 13March2019, Section 2.4.20

    standard_name :

    last_seg_extend

    units :

    kilometers

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • latitude_20m
    (delta_time, ds_geosegments)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Center latitude of 20m geosegments within each 100m land segment.

    long_name :

    latitude of 20m segments

    source :

    ATBD January 2021, Section TBD

    units :

    degree

    valid_max :

    90.0

    valid_min :

    -90.0

    [93450 values with dtype=float32]

  • layer_flag
    (delta_time)
    int8
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    This flag is a combination of multiple flags (cloud_flag_atm, cloud_flag_asr, and bsnow_con) and takes daytime/nighttime into consideration. A value of 1 means clouds or blowing snow are likely present. A value of 0 indicates the likely absence of clouds or blowing snow.

    flag_meanings :

    likely_clear likely_cloudy

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    consolidated cloud flag

    source :

    ATL09

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int8]

  • longitude_20m
    (delta_time, ds_geosegments)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    Center longitude of 20m geosegments within each 100m land segment.

    long_name :

    longitude of 20m segments

    source :

    ATBD January 2021, section TBD

    units :

    degree

    valid_max :

    180.0

    valid_min :

    -180.0

    [93450 values with dtype=float32]

  • msw_flag
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    qualityInformation

    description :

    Multiple Scattering warning flag. The multiple scattering warning flag (ATL09 parameter msw_flag) has values from -1 to 5 where zero means no multiple scattering and 5 the greatest. If no layers were detected, then msw_flag = 0. If blowing snow is detected and its estimated optical depth is greater than or equal to 0.5, then msw_flag = 5. If the blowing snow optical depth is less than 0.5, then msw_flag = 4. If no blowing snow is detected but there are cloud or aerosol layers detected, the msw_flag assumes values of 1 to 3 based on the height of the bottom of the lowest layer: < 1 km, msw_flag = 3; 1-3 km, msw_flag = 2; > 3km, msw_flag = 1. A value of -1 indicates that the signal to noise of the data was too low to reliably ascertain the presence of cloud or blowing snow. We expect values of -1 to occur only during daylight.

    flag_meanings :

    cannot_determine no_layers layer_gt_3km layer_between_1_and_3_km layer_lt_1km blow_snow_od_lt_0.5 blow_snow_od_gt_0.5

    flag_values :

    [-1 0 1 2 3 4 5]

    long_name :

    multiple scattering warning flag

    source :

    ATL09

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • n_seg_ph
    (delta_time)
    int32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Number of photons within each land segment.

    long_name :

    number of photons

    source :

    Derived

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int32]

  • night_flag
    (delta_time)
    float64
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Flag indicating the data were acquired in night conditions: 0=day, 1=night. Flag is derived from solar elevation at the geolocated segment. IF solar elevation is above threshold it is day, if not then it is night. Threshold is set in atlas_l3a_const_mod.

    flag_meanings :

    day night

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    night flag

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4.8

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float64]

  • ph_ndx_beg
    (delta_time)
    int64
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Index (1-based) within the photon-rate data (/land_segments/photons) of the first photon within this each land segment.

    long_name :

    photon index begin

    source :

    Derived

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int64]

  • ph_removal_flag
    (delta_time)
    int8
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Flag indicating more than ph_removal_percent_limit (default 50.0) removed from land segment due to failing QA tests

    flag_meanings :

    below_threshold above_threshold

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    ph removal flag

    source :

    ATBD section 4.13

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int8]

  • psf_flag
    (delta_time)
    int8
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Flag is set to 1 if the point spread function (computed as sigma_atlas_land) has exceeded the threshold (1 m)

    flag_meanings :

    below_threshold above_threshold

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    point spread function flag

    source :

    Land/Veg ATBD

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    1

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=int8]

  • rgt
    (delta_time)
    int16
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    The reference ground track (RGT) is the track on the earth at which a specified unit vector within the observatory is pointed. Under nominal operating conditions, there will be no data collected along the RGT, as the RGT is spanned by GT3 and GT4. During slews or off-pointing, it is possible that ground tracks may intersect the RGT. The ICESat-2 mission has 1387 RGTs.

    long_name :

    reference ground track

    source :

    Operations

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    1387

    valid_min :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int16]

  • sat_flag
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Flag derived from full_sat_fract on the ATL03 data product, averaged over 5 geosegments in 100m land segment

    flag_meanings :

    no_saturation_detected saturation_detected not_enough_valid_data

    flag_values :

    [ 0 1 -1]

    long_name :

    saturation flag

    source :

    ATL03, Land ATBD 15Apr2020, section 2.5.23

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    1

    valid_min :

    -1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • segment_id_beg
    (delta_time)
    int32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Geolocation segment number of the first photon in the land segment.

    long_name :

    begin geolocation segment bin

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int32]

  • segment_id_end
    (delta_time)
    int32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Geolocation segment number of the last photon in the land segment.

    long_name :

    end geolocation segment bin

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=int32]

  • segment_landcover
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    UN-FAO Land Cover Surface type classification as reference from Copernicus Land Cover(ANC18) at the 100m resolution.

    flag_meanings :

    No_data Closed_forest_evergreen_needle_leaf Closed_forest_deciduous_needle_leaf Closed_forest_evergreen_broad_leaf Closed_forest_deciduous_broad_leaf Closed_forest_mixed Closed_forest_unknown Open_forest_evergreen_needle_leaf Open_forest_deciduous_needle_leaf Open_forest_evergreen_broad_leaf Open_forest_deciduous_broad_leaf Open_forest_mixed Open_forest_unknown Shrubs Herbaceous Herbaceous_wetleand Moss_and_lichen Bare_sparse_vegetation Cultivated_and_managed_vegetation_agriculture Urban_built_up Snow_and_ice Permanent_water_bodies Open_sea

    flag_values :

    [ 0 111 113 112 114 115 116 121 123 122 124 125 126 20 30 90 100 60 40 50 70 80 200]

    long_name :

    segment landcover

    source :

    15 May 2021 ATBD section 2.4.16

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    200

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • segment_snowcover
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Daily snow/ice cover from ATL09 at the 25 Hz rate(275m) indicating likely presence of snow and ice within each segment. 0=ice free water; 1=snow free land; 2=snow; 3=ice.

    flag_meanings :

    ice_free_water snow_free_land snow ice

    flag_values :

    [0 1 2 3]

    long_name :

    segment snowcover

    source :

    ATBD section 4.2.16

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    3

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • segment_watermask
    (delta_time)
    float64
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Water mask(i.e. flag) indicating inland water as referenced from the Global Raster Water Mask(ANC33) at 250 m spatial resolution.

    flag_meanings :

    no_water water

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    segment watermask

    source :

    ATBD section 2.4.15

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    1

    valid_min :

    0

    [18690 values with dtype=float64]

  • sigma_across
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Total cross-track uncertainty due to PPD and POD knowledge. Read from ATL03 product gtx/geolocation/sigma_across. Sigma_atlas_y is reported on ATL08 as the uncertainty of the center-most reference photon of the 100m ATL08 segment.

    long_name :

    sigma atlas y

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • sigma_along
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Total along-track uncertainty due to PPD and POD knowledge. Read from ATL03 product gtx/geolocation/sigma_along. Sigma_atlas_x is reported on ATL08 as the uncertainty of the center-most reference photon of the 100m ATL08 segment.

    long_name :

    sigma atlas x

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • sigma_atlas_land
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Total vertical geolocation error due to ranging and local surface slope. The parameter is computed for ATL08 as described in equation 1.2.

    long_name :

    sigma atlas land

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.5.13

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • sigma_h
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Estimated uncertainty for the reference photon bounce point ellipsoid height: 1- sigma (m) provided at the geolocation segment rate on ATL03. Sigma_h is reported on ATL08 as the uncertainty of the center-most reference photon of the 100m ATL08 segment.

    long_name :

    height uncertainty

    source :

    ATL03

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • sigma_topo
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Total uncertainty that include sigma_h plus geolocation uncertainty due to local slope (equation 1.3). The local slope is multiplied by the geolocation uncertainty factor. This will be used to determine the total vertical geolocation error due to ranging and local slope.

    long_name :

    sigma atlas topo

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.5.12

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • snr
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    modelResult

    description :

    The signal to noise ratio of geolocated photons as determined by the ratio of the superset of ATL03 signal and DRAGANN found signal photons used for processing the ATL08 segments to the background photons (i.e. noise) within the same ATL08 segments.

    long_name :

    signal to noise ratio

    source :

    ATBD section 2.5.14

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • solar_azimuth
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    The direction, eastwards from north, of the sun vector as seen by an observer at the laser ground spot.

    long_name :

    solar azimuth

    source :

    ATL03g ATBD

    units :

    degrees_east

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • solar_elevation
    (delta_time)
    float32
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Solar Angle above or below the plane tangent to the ellipsoid surface at the laser spot. Positive values mean the sun is above the horizon, while negative values mean it is below the horizon. The effect of atmospheric refraction is not included. This is a low precision value, with approximately TBD degree accuracy.

    long_name :

    solar elevation

    source :

    ATL03g ATBD

    units :

    degrees

    [18690 values with dtype=float32]

  • surf_type
    (delta_time, ds_surf_type)
    int8
    ...

    contentType :

    referenceInformation

    description :

    Flags describing which surface types this interval is associated with. 0=not type, 1=is type. Order of array is land, ocean, sea ice, land ice, inland water.

    flag_meanings :

    not_type is_type

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    surface type

    source :

    ATL03 ATBD, Section 4

    units :

    1

    valid_max :

    1

    valid_min :

    0

    [93450 values with dtype=int8]

  • terrain_flg
    (delta_time)
    float64
    ...

    contentType :

    auxiliaryInformation

    description :

    Terrain flag quality check to indicate a deviation above a threshold from the reference DEM height reported on the product.

    flag_meanings :

    below_threshold above_threshold

    flag_values :

    [0 1]

    long_name :

    terrain flag

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4.8

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float64]

  • urban_flag
    (delta_time)
    float64
    ...

    contentType :

    qualityInformation

    description :

    The urban flag indicates that a segment is likely located over an urban area.

    flag_meanings :

    not_urban urban undeterminable_urban

    flag_values :

    [ 0 1 -1]

    long_name :

    segment urban flag

    source :

    Land ATBD section 2.4.17

    units :

    1

    [18690 values with dtype=float64]

• Indexes: (1)
  • delta_time
    PandasIndex

    PandasIndex(DatetimeIndex(['2023-08-16 18:29:24.853128192',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.867304608',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.881376256',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.895307008',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.909419584',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.923557376',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.937586816',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.951688192',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.965780928',
                   '2023-08-16 18:29:24.979850784',
                   ...
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.036030368',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.050148544',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.064278016',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.075576896',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.103714528',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.120599232',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.134635968',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.148773472',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.162867872',
                   '2023-08-16 18:36:27.176849440'],
                  dtype='datetime64[ns]', name='delta_time', length=18690, freq=None))

• Attributes: (2)

  Description :

  Contains data categorized as land at 100 meter intervals.

  data_rate :

  Data are stored as aggregates of 100 meters.

2. H5py and H5glance

Let’s check the available keys and structure of the HDF5 files using H5py and H5glance. This will use the downloaded file that we saved locally.

Open the file and list the keys:

atl08_file = h5py.File(data,'r')
list(atl08_file.keys())

['METADATA',
 'ancillary_data',
 'ds_geosegments',
 'ds_metrics',
 'ds_surf_type',
 'gt1l',
 'gt1r',
 'gt2l',
 'gt2r',
 'gt3l',
 'gt3r',
 'orbit_info',
 'quality_assessment']

Use H5glance module to interactively check all available variables and field that can be used for further analysis and visualizations:

H5Glance(atl08_file)

• ./data/ATL08_20230816182927_08792008_006_01.h5
  • METADATA
    • AcquisitionInformation
      • lidar
      • lidarDocument
      • platform
      • platformDocument
    • DataQuality
      • CompletenessOmission
      • DomainConsistency
    • DatasetIdentification
    • Extent
    • Lineage
      • ANC06-01
      • ANC06-02
      • ANC06-03
      • ANC14
      • ANC18
      • ANC19
      • ANC25-08
      • ANC26-08
      • ANC28
      • ANC33
      • ANC34
      • ANC36-08
      • ANC38-08
      • ANC46
      • ATL03
      • ATL09
      • Control
    • ProcessStep
      • Browse
      • Metadata
      • PGE
      • QA
    • ProductSpecificationDocument
    • QADatasetIdentification
    • SeriesIdentification
  • ancillary_data
    • land
      • atl08_region [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • bin_size_h [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • bin_size_n [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • bright_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • ca_class [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • can_noise_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • can_stat_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • canopy20m_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • canopy_flag_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • canopy_seg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • class_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • cloud_filter_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • del_amp [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • del_mu [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • del_sigma [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_filter_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • dem_removal_percent_limit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • dragann_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • dseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • dseg_buf [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • fnlgnd_filter_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • gnd_stat_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • gthresh_factor [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • h_canopy_perc [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • iter_gnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • iter_max [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • lseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • lseg_buf [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • lw_filt_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • lw_gnd_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • lw_toc_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • lw_toc_cut [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • max_atl03files [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • max_atl09files [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • max_peaks [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • max_try [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • min_nphs [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • n_dec_mode [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • noise_class [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • outlier_filter_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • p_static [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_removal_percent_limit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • proc_geoseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • psf [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • ref_dem_limit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • ref_finalground_limit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • relief_hbot [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • relief_htop [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • shp_param [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • sig_rsq_search [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • sseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • stat20m_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • stat_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • tc_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • te_class [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • terrain20m_thresh [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • toc_class [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • up_filt_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
      • up_gnd_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • up_toc_bnd [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • up_toc_cut [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float32
      • yapc_switch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • atlas_sdp_gps_epoch [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • control [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 100000-byte ASCII string
    • data_end_utc [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 27-byte ASCII string
    • data_start_utc [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 27-byte ASCII string
    • end_cycle [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • end_delta_time [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • end_geoseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • end_gpssow [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • end_gpsweek [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • end_orbit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • end_region [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • end_rgt [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • granule_end_utc [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 27-byte ASCII string
    • granule_start_utc [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 27-byte ASCII string
    • qa_at_interval [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • release [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 80-byte ASCII string
    • start_cycle [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • start_delta_time [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • start_geoseg [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • start_gpssow [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • start_gpsweek [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • start_orbit [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • start_region [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • start_rgt [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • version [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: 80-byte ASCII string
  • gt1l
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 18690 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 18690 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 18690 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 18690 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 4876093 entries, dtype: int32
  • gt1r
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 11436 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 11436 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 11436 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 11436 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 1372978 entries, dtype: int32
  • gt2l
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 18612 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 18612 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 18612 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 18612 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 3117451 entries, dtype: int32
  • gt2r
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 10243 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 10243 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 10243 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 10243 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 1107244 entries, dtype: int32
  • gt3l
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 19575 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 19575 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 19575 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 19575 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 3880512 entries, dtype: int32
  • gt3r
    • land_segments
      • canopy
        • can_noise [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics [📋]: 10803 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_h_metrics_abs [📋]: 10803 × 18 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_openness [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • canopy_rh_conf [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
        • centroid_height [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_20m [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_abs [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_quad [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_canopy_uncertainty [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_dif_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_max_canopy_abs [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_mean_canopy_abs [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_median_canopy_abs [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_min_canopy_abs [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_ca_photons [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
        • n_toc_photons [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_can [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • photon_rate_can_nr [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • segment_cover [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int16
        • subset_can_flag [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • toc_roughness [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • terrain
        • h_te_best_fit [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_best_fit_20m [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_interp [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_max [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mean [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_median [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_min [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_mode [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_rh25 [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_skew [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_std [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • h_te_uncertainty [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • n_te_photons [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
        • photon_rate_te [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
        • subset_te_flag [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
        • terrain_slope [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • asr [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • atlas_pa [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_azimuth [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • beam_coelev [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • brightness_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_flag_atm [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • cloud_fold_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_beg [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float64
      • delta_time_end [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float64
      • dem_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • dem_h [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • dem_removal_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • h_dif_ref [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • last_seg_extend [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • latitude_20m [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • layer_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • longitude [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • longitude_20m [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: float32
      • msw_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • n_seg_ph [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • night_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • ph_ndx_beg [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int64
      • ph_removal_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • psf_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • rgt [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int16
      • sat_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_id_beg [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_id_end [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • segment_landcover [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int16
      • segment_snowcover [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int8
      • segment_watermask [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • sigma_across [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_along [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_atlas_land [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_h [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • sigma_topo [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • snr [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_azimuth [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • solar_elevation [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: float32
      • surf_type [📋]: 10803 × 5 entries, dtype: int8
      • terrain_flg [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
      • urban_flag [📋]: 10803 entries, dtype: int32
    • signal_photons
      • classed_pc_flag [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: int8
      • classed_pc_indx [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: int32
      • d_flag [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: int8
      • delta_time [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: float64
      • ph_h [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: float32
      • ph_segment_id [📋]: 1146212 entries, dtype: int32
  • orbit_info
    • bounding_polygon_lat1 [📋]: 11 entries, dtype: float64
    • bounding_polygon_lon1 [📋]: 11 entries, dtype: float64
    • crossing_time [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • cycle_number [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int8
    • lan [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
    • orbit_number [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: uint16
    • rgt [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int16
    • sc_orient [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int8
    • sc_orient_time [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: float64
  • quality_assessment
    • qa_granule_fail_reason [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
    • qa_granule_pass_fail [📋]: 1 entries, dtype: int32
  • ds_geosegments [📋]: 5 entries, dtype: int8
  • ds_metrics [📋]: 18 entries, dtype: int8
  • ds_surf_type [📋]: 5 entries, dtype: int32

Visualizing the Data

By looking at the data variables, we can also create a visualization using xarray. Let’s plot elevation:

with s3_fsspec.open(s3_url) as f:
    atl08_track = xarray.open_dataset(f, group='gt1l/land_segments', engine="h5netcdf", phony_dims='sort')
    print(atl08_track)
    atl08_track.dem_h.plot()

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:            (delta_time: 18690, ds_geosegments: 5, ds_surf_type: 5)
Coordinates:
  * delta_time         (delta_time) datetime64[ns] 2023-08-16T18:29:24.853128...
    latitude           (delta_time) float32 ...
    longitude          (delta_time) float32 ...
Dimensions without coordinates: ds_geosegments, ds_surf_type
Data variables: (12/41)
    asr                (delta_time) float32 ...
    atlas_pa           (delta_time) float32 ...
    beam_azimuth       (delta_time) float32 ...
    beam_coelev        (delta_time) float32 ...
    brightness_flag    (delta_time) float32 ...
    cloud_flag_atm     (delta_time) float32 ...
    ...                 ...
    snr                (delta_time) float32 ...
    solar_azimuth      (delta_time) float32 ...
    solar_elevation    (delta_time) float32 ...
    surf_type          (delta_time, ds_surf_type) int8 ...
    terrain_flg        (delta_time) float64 ...
    urban_flag         (delta_time) float64 ...
Attributes:
    Description:  Contains data categorized as land at 100 meter intervals.
    data_rate:    Data are stored as aggregates of 100 meters.

If we want to plot canopy height, we can also do that:

with s3_fsspec.open(s3_url) as f:
    atl08_track = xarray.open_dataset(f, group='gt1l/land_segments/canopy', engine="h5netcdf", phony_dims='sort')
    atl08_track.h_canopy.plot()